Operation tutorial for the one-click take-off and landing intelligent control system of the 200KG large-load UAV dedicated to Enshi geological survey operations (no on-site attendance required in the hinterland of the mountains)
This tutorial is applicable to the one-key take-off and landing intelligent control system of the 200KG large-load UAV dedicated to Enshi geological survey operations. It focuses on the unattended operation requirements of geological survey scenes in deep mountain hinterlands and helps operators quickly master the core operating procedures of the system, key points of unattended settings, geological survey operation adaptation specifications and common problem handling methods. The system integrates high-precision flight control algorithms, long-distance communication modules and intelligent decision-making systems to enable drones to autonomously take off, hover, perform geological survey operations, and land with one click. It supports autonomous operations on preset routes without the need for on-site personnel. It greatly improves the efficiency of geological survey operations in deep mountain hinterlands, reduces personnel safety risks, and accurately adapts to core geological survey scenarios such as geological exploration, sample collection, and terrain surveying.
1. Preparation: Exclusive inspection of geological survey operations (adapted to unattended scenarios in deep mountains)
Before operation, a comprehensive inspection of the equipment status, geological survey operation environment, control system and unattended parameters must be completed to ensure that it meets the requirements for deep mountain hinterland operations and unattended operations, and to avoid operation interruption or equipment failure due to lack of preparation.
1.1 Equipment status inspection (adapted to 200KG geological survey load requirements)
(1) Inspection of the fuselage and geological survey load: Confirm that the structure of the drone fuselage is intact and that the carbon fiber main body is not damaged or deformed.； Special hoisting/mounting devices for geological survey (such as sample collection boxes, surveying and mapping equipment brackets) are firmly connected, the load weight does not exceed the rated load of 200KG, and the center of gravity is centered (overweight or center of gravity deviation will trigger system protection, and one-key take-off and landing and unattended mode cannot be activated) ； Check that geological survey equipment (such as surveyors and sample collectors) are installed in place and that the power supply and data transmission functions are normal.
(2) Power and endurance check: Check that the large-capacity and high-endurance lithium battery is installed in place, and the power display is ≥90% (unattended operations in deep mountains need to reserve sufficient endurance redundancy, and the system will restrict takeoff or force return under low battery conditions)； Check that the power system (multi-rotor motor) has no lag or abnormal noise, and the propellers are firmly installed and have no wear. ； Make sure the backup battery (if carried) has sufficient power for emergency replacement.
(3) Safety and data system check: Confirm that overload protection, emergency landing, automatic return to home after signal loss, automatic data storage and backup and other functions are turned on, and the relevant indicator lights are normal (refer to the equipment manual for the specific meaning of the indicator lights)； Check that the geological survey data transmission module (satellite communication/long-distance data transmission) is normal to ensure that data can be transmitted back in real time or saved locally during unattended operations.
1.2 Geological survey environment and take-off and landing site inspection (adapted to deep mountain hinterland scenes)
(1) Environmental conditions: Use meteorological monitoring equipment to confirm that there are no strong winds (wind resistance capacity ≤ level 8, suitable for deep mountain gust environments), heavy rain, dense fog, lightning and other severe weather in the operating area； Stay away from dangerous areas such as rockfall areas, steep slopes, dense forests, etc., and the planned operating airspace is not blocked by tall obstacles. ； Confirm that there are no electromagnetic interference sources in the working area to ensure the stability of satellite communication and data transmission signals.
(2) Take-off and landing site: Choose a relatively flat, open area in the hinterland of the mountain as the take-off and landing point, with an area not less than 4 times the wingspan of the drone (recommended diameter ≥ 12 meters)； Clear gravel, branches, weeds and other debris from the site, and lay temporary take-off and landing mats if necessary to avoid foreign objects being caught in the take-off and landing. ； Mark the boundaries of the take-off and landing points to ensure that the drone can accurately locate the take-off and landing area during unattended operations.
1.3 Control system and unattended parameter settings
(1) Remote communication connection: Turn on the power of the remote control/ground control terminal, establish a connection with the UAV through satellite communication or long-distance data transmission module, and confirm that the communication signal is stable (in areas without signals in deep mountains, priority is given to satellite communication, and the communication distance meets the operating radius requirements)； Tested that the real-time image transmission, flight data return, and geological survey data transmission functions are normal.
(2) Core parameters and unattended settings: Preset one-click takeoff and landing parameters on the ground control terminal, including takeoff height (default 5-8 meters, adapted to the field of vision requirements in deep mountains), hovering accuracy (centimeter-level positioning, relying on RTK-GNSS + Beidou dual-mode positioning technology)； Plan geological survey operation routes, mark sampling points, surveying and mapping areas and other key points, and set parameters such as operation speed and altitude. ； Turn on the "unattended mode" and set protection rules such as automatic return to the take-off and landing point after signal loss, forced return when the battery is below 20%, and automatic landing after the operation is completed. ； Confirm that the parameters are saved successfully and back up the operating route and parameter data.
2. Core operation: Exclusive one-click take-off and landing for geological survey + unattended operation process
After completing the pre-inspection and parameter settings, follow the process of "system startup→mode selection→unattended parameter confirmation→one-click takeoff→autonomous geological survey operation→one-click landing/automatic return". When operating in the hinterland of the mountain, the operation status can be remotely monitored without the need for on-site personnel. The system automatically completes precise control and operation execution during the entire process.
2.1 System startup and mode selection
(1) Turn on the drone power supply, geological survey equipment power supply, and ground control terminal power supply in sequence, and wait 5-8 seconds for the system to complete a comprehensive self-check (including airframe status, load equipment, communication modules, route parameters, etc.). After the self-check passes, the control terminal displays the "Ready" status.
(2) In the control terminal operation interface, switch to "Geological Survey Operation Mode" and check the "Unattended" option； Check the preset route, operation parameters and safety protection rules again. After confirming that they are correct, click "Mode Activate", and the system will sound a "di-di-di" prompt to complete the mode switch.
2.2 One-click takeoff and remote monitoring startup
(1) After the operator confirms that there are no people or animals approaching in the safe area (can be far away from the take-off and landing point, and monitored through remote terminals), the operator clicks the "one-button takeoff" button on the ground control terminal (some models support remote control button activation, long press for 2 seconds to avoid accidental touch).
(2) After the system responds, the drone automatically starts the power system and rises slowly vertically, avoiding surrounding low obstacles until it reaches the preset take-off height (5-8 meters) and then hovers stably.； During the hovering process, the system uses dual-mode positioning technology to correct the position in real time to ensure no offset. ； At the same time, the geological survey equipment automatically starts a self-check and enters a work-ready state.
(3) During take-off, the operator monitors the flight attitude, communication signals, and geological survey equipment status in real time through the remote terminal. If an abnormality or emergency is found, the operator can immediately click the "Emergency Pause" button, and the system will suspend the ascent and maintain the hover.； If you need to terminate the takeoff, you can click "Emergency Landing" and the drone will return to the takeoff and landing point and land smoothly.
2.3 Execution of unattended geological survey operations
(1) After the hovering is stable, the system automatically starts the preset route, and the drone flies to the geological survey area according to the planned path. The operator monitors the flight data (height, speed, power, position) and geological survey data (mapping images, sample collection progress, etc.) in real time through the remote terminal without on-site intervention.
(2) After arriving at the preset sampling point/mapping area, the drone automatically adjusts to the operating height and attitude, and the geological survey equipment starts autonomous operations (such as collecting geological samples, shooting surveying and mapping images), and the operation data is transmitted back to the ground terminal in real time and automatically backed up.； After the operation is completed, the drone automatically flies to the next operation point until all planned tasks are completed.
2.4 One-key landing/automatic return operation
(1) After the autonomous operation is completed, the drone automatically triggers the return procedure and returns to hover directly above the take-off and landing point according to the planned route.； If there is insufficient battery, abnormal signal, etc. during the operation, the system will give priority to forced return to ensure the safety of the equipment.
(2) After the drone reaches the take-off and landing point, it automatically starts the one-click landing procedure and slowly descends vertically. During the descent, the drone corrects its position in real time and accurately aligns with the take-off and landing point.； If remote monitoring detects foreign objects or dangers in the landing area, remote intervention can be performed to suspend the landing, and the landing can be restarted after the risk is eliminated.
(3) After the drone body touches the ground smoothly, the system automatically shuts down the power system and geological survey equipment to complete the operation.； Operators can go to the take-off and landing points to recover equipment, extract geological survey samples and data, turn off the power of all equipment, and organize operation materials.
3. Special precautions and safety regulations for Enshi geological survey operations
3.1 Safety regulations for unattended operations
(1) Operators must undergo special training in geological survey operations and be familiar with the process of this tutorial, equipment characteristics and risk points of deep mountain operations before they can carry out unattended operations.； It is strictly prohibited for unqualified personnel to set up or operate unattended mode.
(2) Before unattended operations, potential risks such as wildlife activities and landslides in the operation area must be checked in advance, and warning signs must be set up if necessary.； During the operation, the operator needs to monitor the entire process through remote terminals and cannot leave the monitoring position to ensure that emergency situations can be responded to in a timely manner.
(3) If you encounter an emergency (such as the drone losing contact, encountering bad weather, equipment failure), immediately activate the emergency plan: when losing contact, wait for the system to automatically return. If it does not return after the timeout, record the last position for subsequent search.； In bad weather, remotely trigger emergency landing or return ； In the event of equipment failure, priority is given to ensuring data backup before executing safe landing procedures.
3.2 Taboos in using geological survey operation system
(1) It is strictly prohibited to turn on unattended mode without planning a route or setting safety protection rules.； It is strictly prohibited to forcibly start operations in areas with overload, geological survey equipment failure, severe weather (strong wind, lightning, dense fog) or extremely poor signal. Otherwise, equipment damage, data loss or safety accidents may result.
(2) Unattended core parameters (such as return threshold, operating altitude, hovering accuracy) and working parameters of geological survey equipment cannot be modified at will. Parameter adjustment must be performed by professional technicians based on the characteristics of the Enshi geological survey scene.； When operating in deep mountains, avoid setting the take-off and landing points in low-lying water areas, on the edges of steep slopes, or around dense forests.
(3) The unattended mode is only suitable for conventional geological survey operations within the preset route. If the operation area has complex terrain (such as cliffs and deep valleys), on-site surveys need to be conducted in advance to optimize route planning.； When necessary, it switches to semi-autonomous mode and is controlled remotely by the operator.
4. Handling of common problems in Enshi geological prospecting operations
4.1 Unable to start unattended mode
Reasons: The route planning has not been completed, the safety protection rules have not been set, the geological survey equipment is not ready, the communication signal is unstable, the battery is less than 90%, the load is overweight or the center of gravity has shifted.
Processing: Supplementary planning of operating routes, improvement of safety protection rules, inspection and debugging of geological survey equipment, moving to a stable signal area or switching to satellite communication, replenishing the battery to more than 90%, reducing the load to the rated range and adjusting the center of gravity, and try again after the investigation is completed.
4.2 Geological survey data transmission interrupted during operation
Reasons: Signal blockage, electromagnetic interference, data transmission module failure, and UAV flight attitude in deep mountain areas affect signal transmission.
Processing: Confirm that the system has enabled the local data backup function (to avoid data loss)； Remotely control the drone to adjust its flight height or attitude to avoid signal blockage areas ； If it is a module failure, trigger the emergency return procedure, recover the equipment and then inspect the data transmission module. ； Follow-up operations can optimize routes in advance to avoid signal blind spots.
4.3 Unable to land accurately after unattended return
Reasons: The take-off and landing points are vaguely marked, the GPS/Beidou signal is blocked by the mountainous terrain, the landing area is blocked by foreign objects, and the wind speed affects it.
Processing: Remotely control the drone to hover, confirm the landing area situation through real-time image transmission, and remove foreign objects； If the signal is weak, control the drone to rise to a stable height and reposition the take-off and landing point. ； When the wind speed is high, wait for the wind speed to decrease before starting the landing. ； For subsequent operations, the take-off and landing points must be clearly marked and an unobstructed landing area must be selected.
5. Supplementary Provisions
This tutorial is a basic guide for the unattended operation of a 200KG large-load UAV dedicated to Enshi geological survey operations. The specific operation must be performed in conjunction with the equipment manual and on-site geological survey requirements.； If you need to learn more about system function upgrades, customized geological survey route planning, emergency plans for deep mountain operations, etc., you can contact the equipment manufacturer’s technical support team (which provides after-sales services such as special training on geological survey scenarios, remote technical guidance, and on-site troubleshooting).