Heze City 200KG lifting drone lightweight technology and efficient construction guide

As Heze City's low-altitude economic development plan advances, lightweight lifting drones are increasingly used in municipal construction, rural engineering and other scenarios. The 200KG lightweight lifting drone relies on the core advantages of "lightweight body, efficient load capacity, low consumption and endurance" to effectively solve the pain points of "difficult operation in small sites", "high energy consumption for short-distance transportation" and "cumbersome equipment deployment" in traditional building materials transportation. This guide is based on the characteristics of the construction environment in Heze City, combined with the technical characteristics of 200KG lightweight drones, and standardizes the lifting construction process from aspects of operation preparation, technical operation, safety control, emergency response, etc., to help improve construction efficiency and green construction levels.

1. Scope of application and core advantages

(1) Applicable scenarios

This guide is applicable to 200KG lightweight drone building materials lifting operations for various municipal projects, rural construction, and transportation infrastructure supporting projects within Heze City. It is especially suitable for the following scenarios: high-speed rail station ramp construction material supply, material transfer for supporting projects around Mudan Airport, sporadic building material delivery for municipal projects such as Huandi Park, and rural road construction gravel/cement transfer in areas where traditional machinery is difficult to flexibly intervene. The building materials that can be lifted include small steel bundles, cement bags, light prefabricated parts, pipes, etc. The single rated lifting weight does not exceed 200KG. Relying on the lightweight design, it can be adapted to take-off and landing operations in narrow sites.

(2) Core technical advantages

1. Advantages of lightweight fuselage: It adopts a carbon fiber and aviation aluminum composite fuselage design, which is 20% lighter and 50% stronger than traditional models. The size is more compact after the arms are disassembled. It can be flexibly deployed in narrow lanes in rural Heze and narrow gaps at municipal construction sites.； 2. Efficient load adaptation: innovatively adopts an 8-axis 16-blade rotor layout and a distributed power system. The single-axis thrust is increased by 40%, achieving a rated load of 200KG. At the same time, the load adaptability is stronger, and irregular materials can be adapted through counterweight adjustment. ； 3. Optimized low-consumption battery life: Equipped with a high-efficiency large single battery and an intelligent power management system, combined with an environmental adaptive navigation strategy, the energy consumption is reduced by more than 30% compared with traditional models. It can fly for 15 minutes with a full load when fully charged, adapting to the needs of short-distance high-frequency transfers. ； 4. Safe and stable adaptation: It has level 8 wind resistance and is equipped with high-precision GPS positioning and multi-dimensional obstacle avoidance system. It can adapt to the wind field environment of Heze plain terrain and ensure flight safety in complex construction scenarios.

2. Preparation before operation

(1) Qualifications and approval compliance

1. Personnel qualifications: Operators need to hold the corresponding level of drone pilot license issued by the civil aviation department and hoisting special certification, implement a two-person operation system (pilot + observer), have a clear division of labor and establish a standardized password communication system； 2. Airspace approval: Submit an application for flight activities in advance through the National Unmanned Aircraft Integrated Comprehensive Supervision Service Platform in accordance with regulations. Only after confirmation by the air traffic management agency can you take off. It is strictly prohibited to enter no-fly areas such as the clear zone of Mudan Airport and the controlled airspace of high-speed rail stations. ； 3. Equipment access: UAVs must have airworthiness certification, and hoisting devices (slings, hooks) must pass safety inspections with a safety factor of ≥5 times. Combined with lightweight design features, ensure that the load capacity is ≥1.2 times the weight of the lifted object to avoid insufficient safety redundancy caused by the lightweight fuselage.

(2) Environment and load assessment

1. Environmental survey: On-site verification of meteorological conditions in the operating area, ground wind speed ≤8m/s, visibility ≥1km, combined with the wind resistance characteristics of the lightweight fuselage, measured wind speed at the operating height to avoid the impact of turbulence； When working on municipal construction sites, it is necessary to focus on checking surrounding cables, scaffolding and other obstacles to ensure that there is no obstruction around the take-off and landing points. ； 2. Load confirmation: Accurately measure the weight of lifting building materials. Overloading is strictly prohibited (it is recommended to control at 80% of the rated load). Irregular objects need to adjust the center of gravity through counterweight blocks to ensure that the center of gravity is directly below the hook. Liquid or loose materials need to take additional anti-flow fixing measures to avoid load deviation affecting the balance of the body. ； 3. Path planning: Use 3D modeling to generate a digital twin model of the operating area, combine it with the environment adaptive navigation strategy to plan an energy-saving flight path, mark obstacles and set take-off and landing points, hovering points (error ≤ 0.1m) and emergency landing areas, shorten the flight distance to reduce energy consumption.

(3) Equipment debugging and material support

1. Drone inspection: focus on checking that there are no cracks or deformations in the carbon fiber fuselage structural parts and that the cables are not frayed, testing that the 8-axis 16-propeller power system operates without abnormal noise, and calibrating the GPS signal and obstacle avoidance system； Check the status of the large single battery to ensure that the battery is full (replace it immediately if it is below 80%), prepare more than 3 sets of spare batteries, and confirm that the battery cooling and preheating systems are functioning properly. ； 2. Hoisting system test: Check the wear of the sling, test the function of the one-button emergency release device, and ensure the reliability of the hook safety device ； Adjust the length of the sling based on the characteristics of the lightweight fuselage so that the horizontal angle of the hoisted object after leaving the ground is less than 3° to avoid the impact of the swing of the hoisted object on the balance of the fuselage. ； 3. Ground support: The take-off and landing points need to be smooth and hardened and marked with warning lines (radius ≥ 40 meters, suitable for the take-off and landing requirements of lightweight aircraft) to prevent entry by irrelevant personnel. ； Key spare parts such as propellers and spare batteries and basic maintenance tools are provided on site.

3. Core construction technical operating specifications

(1) Hoisting implementation process

1. Pre-hoisting test: conduct an unloaded test flight in a safe area to verify the flight stability of the lightweight fuselage； Then conduct a light-load test hoisting, hover for 3 minutes to observe the load swing, and suppress the swing through the flight control "hanging mode" ； 2. Graded lifting: Adopt the "slow rise and slow descent" strategy, rise vertically at a low speed to a height of 5 meters and then hover and stabilize before moving. The flight speed does not exceed 2m/s, and a large radius is maintained for smooth transition when turning. ； Give priority to taking off and landing against the wind, keep the nose of the aircraft facing the wind when hovering in the air, and adjust the flight attitude in real time based on the environment adaptive navigation system to reduce energy consumption ； 3. Accurate delivery: After arriving at the target point, the pilot concentrates on maintaining the hovering posture. After the observer confirms that the delivery area is safe, he issues a delivery instruction. The delivery can be completed through automatic throwing or ground-assisted loose hooks to ensure positioning accuracy (horizontal error ≤ 2cm, vertical error ≤ 5cm).

(2) Efficient operation optimization skills

1. Energy-saving path reuse: For repetitive short-distance lifting tasks, the optimal flight path optimized by environmental adaptive navigation is saved, and the fully autonomous lifting mode is enabled to reduce manual operation errors and energy consumption.； 2. Intelligent battery management: Adopt "rotation charging + backup battery" mode to avoid interruption of operations due to battery life ； According to the environmental characteristics of Heze in different seasons, the battery cooling system is used to ensure performance at high temperatures, and the preheating function is enabled at low temperatures to avoid battery performance degradation affecting battery life. ； 3. Human-machine synergy: The ground hoisting team and the pilots are linked in real time to clear obstacles at the target release point in advance to ensure that "the machine is dropped as soon as it arrives and goes after it is dropped", which reduces the waiting time for hovering and further reduces energy consumption.